A guide released on May 22 advises homeowners and gardeners on identifying, avoiding, and treating exposure to poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, and wild parsnip. These plants are common causes of skin irritation during yard work in the warmer months.
The topic is important because contact with these plants can result in painful rashes or blisters for a large portion of the population. The American Academy of Dermatology reports that over 85% of people worldwide are allergic to these poisonous weeds.
The guide describes each plant’s appearance: Poison ivy grows as a vine or shrub with three glossy leaflets that change color by season; poison oak appears as clusters of three fuzzy green leaves with lobed edges; poison sumac grows as a small tree or tall shrub with seven to thirteen smooth-edged leaflets; wild parsnip has pinnate leaflets arranged around the stalk and produces yellow flowers in summer.
Immediate action after exposure includes washing the affected area quickly—preferably with rubbing alcohol or soap and water—and avoiding scratching. Over-the-counter topical corticosteroids like calamine lotion may help relieve irritation. For wild parsnip exposure specifically, covering the area from sunlight is advised due to risk of phytophotodermatitis. Persistent blisters should prompt a visit to a physician.
As summer approaches and outdoor activity increases, homeowners are encouraged to familiarize themselves with these plants’ characteristics before gardening or mowing. Checking surroundings carefully can help prevent accidental contact.
